How To Prevent Eye Damage From Diabetes

 

 Your eyes are precious and deserve to be protected. However, if you have diabetes, your vision can be at risk due to fluctuating blood sugar levels that damage sensitive eye tissue. 

But don't worry! There are several simple ways to safeguard your sight and prevent diabetic retinopathy from taking hold. In this blog post, we'll share with you some expert tips on how to keep your eyes healthy while managing diabetes. So put down that glucose meter and let's dive in!

 What is Diabetes ?

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how your body metabolizes sugar. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t produce enough insulin or can’t effectively use the insulin it produces. This causes sugar to build up in your blood instead of being used for energy. Over time, if left untreated, diabetes can cause damage to your eyes, kidneys, heart, and nerves.

The good news is that diabetes is preventable and controllable. You can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes by making healthy lifestyle choices, such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet, and exercising regularly. If you already have diabetes, you can control it with medication and by making these same healthy lifestyle choices.

If you have diabetes, it’s important to see an eye doctor at least once a year—even if your vision seems fine—because diabetes can damage the blood vessels in your retina (the back part of your eye) before causing any symptoms. A comprehensive dilated eye exam is the best way to detect diabetic retinopathy early so that it can be treated before causing irreversible damage to your vision.

 How Does Diabetes Affect Vision and Eye Health?

Diabetes can cause a range of eye and vision problems, including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and cataracts. Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults 20-74 years old. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the United States. Cataracts are the most common cause of vision loss in people over age 40.

 diabetic retinopathy is damage to the retina caused by diabetes. It is the leading cause of blindness in adults 20-74 years old. Symptoms include blurred vision, floaters, and blind spots.

Glaucoma is increased pressure in the eye that can damage the optic nerve and lead to blindness. symptoms include headaches, eye pain, nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision.

Cataracts are a clouding of the lens of the eye that can lead to vision loss. symptoms include cloudy or blurry vision, halos around lights, poor night vision, and trouble seeing colors accurately.

Signs and Symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy

One of the earliest signs of diabetic retinopathy is known as background retinopathy. This is when small blood vessels in the retina begin to leak, swell, and rupture. These changes can cause the retina to thicken and form deposits called hard exudates. As the condition progresses, new blood vessels may grow on the surface of the retina. These new vessels are very fragile and can easily bleed, resulting in what is known as macular edema.

If you have diabetes, it is important to have regular comprehensive dilated eye exams so that your eye care professional can check for early signs of diabetic retinopathy and begin treatment if necessary. Some of the symptoms of more advanced diabetic retinopathy include:

-Blurry vision

-Floaters (tiny specks floating in your field of vision)

-Flashes of light

-Decreased night vision

-A dark or empty area appearing in the center of your vision

Risk Factors for Diabetic Retinopathy

According to the National Eye Institute, diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in adults aged 20-74. Diabetic retinopathy occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. People with diabetes are at risk for developing diabetic retinopathy if they have had diabetes for a long time, or if their blood sugar levels are not well controlled.

There are two main types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative and proliferative. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the early stage of the disease, when damaged blood vessels leak small amounts of fluid into the retina. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the more advanced stage of the disease, when new abnormal blood vessels grow on the retina’s surface. These new vessels are very fragile and can bleed easily, causing vision loss.

If you have diabetes, it is important to control your blood sugar levels and visit your eye doctor regularly for screenings. Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy can help prevent vision loss.

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   Prevention of Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a serious and potentially vision-threatening complication of diabetes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye.

There are two types of diabetic retinopathy: non-proliferative and proliferative. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the early stage of the condition, characterized by damaged blood vessels. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy is the more advanced stage, characterized by the growth of new, abnormal blood vessels in the retina. These new blood vessels are very fragile and can leak blood into the eye, causing vision loss.

The best way to prevent diabetic retinopathy is to control your blood sugar levels. This can be done through diet, exercise, and taking prescribed medication. It is also important to have regular dilated eye exams so that any changes in your vision can be detected early and treated accordingly. 

Regularly visiting a diabetes educator is also an important step in helping to prevent the progression of diabetic retinopathy. A diabetes educator can provide advice and guidance to help you manage your diabetes and reduce your risk of developing complications, like diabetic retinopathy.

In addition, quitting smoking is essential for people with diabetes, as smoking significantly increases the risk for all types of diabetic complications, including retinopathy.

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 Diet and Exercise Habits to Help Reduce Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy

There are a few diet and exercise habits that can help reduce your risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. First, eating a healthy diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help keep your blood sugar levels under control. Maintaining a healthy weight through regular exercise is also important in preventing diabetes-related eye damage. Quitting smoking if you smoke cigarettes can also help reduce your risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. 

Making sure to keep regular appointment with your eye doctor is also essential in managing diabetes-related eye problems. At these appointments, make sure to take note of any changes in vision, and if you experience any symptoms such as floaters or flashes, be sure to report them to your doctor immediately. Lastly, controlling your blood sugar levels is key; the closer you can keep them to normal, the better!

Supplements and Medication Advice to Reduce Risk of Blindness

There are a few supplements and medications that have been shown to help reduce the risk of blindness in those with diabetes. The most well-known is probably aspirin. Some studies have shown that aspirin can help reduce the risk of diabetic retinopathy, though it is not yet clear how it does so. 

Other supplements that have been studied include omega-3 fatty acids, lutein, and zinc. It is unclear how well these work, but they may be worth considering if you are at high risk for diabetic retinopathy. 

There are a few medications that have been shown to help prevent or delay the onset of diabetic retinopathy. These include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). If you have diabetes, talk to your doctor about whether these medications may be right for you.

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Managing Your Blood Sugar Levels to Prevent Damage

If you have diabetes, it’s important to keep your blood sugar levels within a certain range. That’s because high blood sugar can damage your eyes and lead to vision problems.

You can help prevent eye damage from diabetes by managing your blood sugar levels. Here are some tips:
Check your blood sugar regularly. Ask your doctor how often you should check it.
Keep track of your blood sugar levels. Use a log book or an online tracking tool to do this.

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